Apparatus for the sterilization of milk or other liquids.



v T. 'G. MOLLINGBR APPARATUS FOR THE STERILIZA'IION 0F MILK OR OTHERLIQUIDS.

V W APPLICATION FILED Ofil. 14, 1909 BENEWIED APR. 16, 1912. $45,056

Patented Nov. 19, 1912 2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Jiwawwr ore l'iifiibllizzgag T. G. MOLLINGER. APPARATUS FOR THESTERILIZATION OF MILK OR OTHER LIQUIDS. APPLICATION FILED 0011x1909RENEWED APR.16, 1912.

1,945,056, Patented 19, 1912.

2 $EEETS SH5ET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THEODORE G. MOLLINGER, or THE H GUE, NETHERLANDS, AssrcNon, BY MESNEASSIGNMENTS, TO GENERAL STERILIZING COMPANY, or WILMINGTON, DELA- WARE,A CORPORATION or DELAWARE.

APPARATUS FOR-THE STE BILIZATION OF MILK OR OTHER LIQUIDS.

Speeificationof Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 19, 1912.

Application filed October 14, 1909, Serial No..522,610. Renewed April16, 1912. Serial No. 691,257.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Tmionoun G. Monumcen, of The Hague,Netherlands,whosepresent post-office address is No. 263 Vest Rittenhousestreet, Germantown, in the city of Philadelphia, county ,ofPhiladelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new anduseful Apparatus forj'the Sterilization of Milk or other Liquids,whereof the following is a specification, refercnce being had to theaccompanying drawlngs.

The apparatus is especially adapted for the conduct of a process ofsterilization of milk which forms the subject of Letters Patent of theUnited States issued in my name as vassignor, No. 1,005,275, datedOctober 10,

1911, and hence, in the following description, milk will be referred toas the typical liquid undergoing treatment. It must be understoodhowever, that the use of the ap paratus is not limitcd'to such process,but is susceptible of application to other processes which involve therapid and momentary .'heating and the immediate cooling of a 'stream'ofliquid.

In the drawings Figure I, represents a vertical longitudinalsectionthrough the apparatus, Fig. II, being a transverse section,

on an enlarged scale, through the lower portion'thereof on the lines II,II, of Fig. I; Fig. III, is an end view of the'up'per portion v of theapparatus, as seen from the left-hand, end of Fig. Llwhile Fig. IV, is atransverse section through said upperortion on the line IV, IV, of Fig.I, the sea e of Figs. III,

and IV, being similarly enlarged above that.

of iFig. I. Fig. V, is a diagrammatic View,

. partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section,illustratingthe general organi-- ration of the apparatus and itsconnected parts, the scale of certain portions of the" apparatus in saiddiagrammatic view being,

' plane of the section, but in Fig. IV, their poexaggerated withrelation to the scale of .other parts, as will be hereinafter explained.

Referring now to said drawings, I will first describe in detail theheating element proper and the cooling element proper, since iron pipe,having enlarged extension pieces high temperature hereinafter mentioned,

and the exit pipe being controlled by a proper trap, so as to maintainthe steam within the jacket at the desired pressure and consequenttemperature. The source of steam supply, and the trap device are notrepresented, since their construction is well understood. Withinthe'enlargcd ends 10, and 11, of the jacket, terminal blocks 12, and 13,respectively, are secured, said blocks being adapted to receive the endsof a plurality of tubes, in this instance five in number, representedrespectively at 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. Saidtubes which arepreferably ofcopper, about Seven-sixteenths of an inch in internal diameter and tenfeet long, are open at the lands so as to be completely accessible forcleaning the interior thereof. They are provided with means ofcommunication alternating at the respective ends so as to form asinglccontinuous channel through the appuratus, said means, ofcommunication being as follows :Two external heads 14, and 15, re-

spectively, are removably-secured against the outer faces of the blocks12, and 13, forming a close joint therewith, and are held in position bymeans of the screw bolts 22, and 23, respecti vely. Said heads areprovid'ed,- on theirjnner faces, (o'r'those adja-' cent to therespective blocks), with short channels, whose end portions registerwith the orifices of spective pairs of tubes; thus at the left-hand endof Fig. I, the channels 18, and 20, are shown in cross section, saidchannels being also shown in dotted lines in Fig. III. At theright-hand, end of Fig. I, the channels are not-,shown by-r'ea on of thesition is indicated by the dotted 'lines 1'7.

and 19. 4

The system of communication is as folloWs:-'The pipe 5, (whose extremityat the left-hand end of Fig. I, is the inlet for the milk), communicatesat the other end with the vertical channel 17, leadin to th e ad]'acentend of the pipe 6. At the left-hand end of the-pipe 6, the channel 18,communicates therewith and with the adjacent end of the pipe 7.Returning-again to the righthand end, the channel 19 communicates withthat end of the pipe I, and with the adjacent end of the pipe 8.Returning again to the left-hand end, the channel 20.

communicates with that end of the pipe 8,

and the adjacent end of the pipe 9. A continuous conduit. is, therefore,afforded throughout the whole of thefive lengths of pipe, commencing atthe inlet end, to which the supply pipe 25, leading from the milkreservoir, is connected, and terminating at the exit end, to which thedelivery pipe 28, is attached at the joint 26. Said delivery pipe isprovided with a thermometer de vice 29, by means of which thetemperature of the milk can be ascertained immediately at the exit fromthe heating element.

The cooling element comprises a cylindrical-jacket 31, preferably offour inch iron pipe, having the extensions 32, and 33,'and

terminal blocks 35, and 36, and inclosing a scribed. The delivery pipe28. for the hot milk, leads through a joint 30, into the apex of thechamber 45, and the discharge pipe 55, leading from the cooling element,communicates with the apex of the chamber 46. Said discharge pipe 55, isalso provided with a thermometer device arranged in close proximity tothe chamber, in order that the temperature of the milk, immediately'onits passage from the cooling element, may be accurately determined.

Water inlet and exit pipes 51, and 50, respectivcly, are arranged tocommunicate with the interior of the jacket 31, a. supply of water ofthe required temperature being conveniently arranged with relation tothe inlet pipe 5 Referring now to the diagrammatic view of Fig. V, thegeneralorganization of the apparatus, whose heating and, coolingelements have been described, 15 as follows 2- A. supply tank (30,adapted to contain a large bodyv of the liquidv to be treated. communi-.

cates by means of the pipe 61, with a pump, conventionally indicated at(32, which is adapted to force the liquid through the heating clement.atv high pressure and with considerable velocity; The delivery pipe (33,of said pump.-lcads to the inlet pipe 5. of the heating clcmcnt, \vhosejacket is shown at. l. The discharge pipe of the cooling clement, whosejacket is shown at 9 connected by'means of a pipe 64, with the dischargereservoir 65, having at its bottom an outlet nozzle 66,cont'rolled byavalve 67, and

at its upper portion a vent pipe 68, which In the operation of theapparatus the.

liquid is forced with considerable velocity through the relatively longconduit of the heating element, so that where the application of a highdegree of heat is desired, the exposure to said heat may hebut-*momentary, and yet very complete. the cooling element, the streamof liquid is subdivided and progresses uniformly and at a lower velocity.t'romthat end where the temperature of the cooling medium is warm- Onentering est, toward that end where said medium is.

coldest, thus gradually and progressively reducing the temperature.Considering the above described apparathe as a whole, it will benotedthat it is characterized by a peculiar distinction be; tween theorganization of the he'atingele ment and that of the cooling element.Assuming total length of the pipes in each of these elements, to besubstantially the same,

the pipes of the heating element are arranged in series, so as to forman attenuated conduit of considerable length, while the group of pipesin the cooling element, arearranged in multiple, thus forming aplurality of individual shorter conduits, whose combined lengthissimilar to that of the first mentioned conduit. Such an apparatusispeculiarly adapted to.the rapid and thorough heating of an attenuatedbody of liquid, forced into it under considerable pressure, and to thesubsequent cooling of said liquid, the volumes of liquid passing throughthe two portions of the apparatus during a given period, being similar,but the velocity in one being greater than that in the other. Thisfeature I believe to be new in apparatus of this character, andtherefore broadly claim it:.

Among the incidental advantages of the structure above described, is thefacility of access to the interior of both conduits for cleaningpurposes.

Having thus-described my invention, I claim 1. The combination, with ajacket; of a plrrality of pipes mounted therein, having means ofcommunication atalternate ends,

xvliereby they are disposed in series to form an attenuated conduit ofrelatively great length; an inlet pipe leading to one end of saidconduit; a delivery pipe leading from the other end of said conduit; asecond jacket; a second group of pipes substantially similar in numberand area to said first mentioned group, but arranged in multiple Withinsaid second jacket means for connectingsaid delivery pipe to one end ofall the pipes of said second group; a discharge pipe leading from theother ends of the pipes of said second group; means foradmitting aheating medium to the interior of said first mentioned jacket and fordischarging the same therefrom; and means for admitting a coolingmediuiif to the interior of said second mentioned jacket at one endthereof and discharging the same therefrom at the other end thereof,substantially as set forth.

:ZV'lhe combination, With a jacket; of a plurality of pipes securedtherein, and open at their respective ends; removable heads, havingchannels adapted to afi'ordconnnunication between the adjacent orificesof pairs of pipes alternately at the opposite ends to form a continuousconduit; means for securing said heads in position; an inlet pipeleading to said conduit; a delivery pipe leading from said conduit; asecond jacket; a plurality of pipes secured therein and open at theirrespective ends; heads having chambers adapted to communicate with theends of said pipes; one of said chambers communicating with saiddelivery pipe; a .discharge leading from the other of I said chambers;means for admitting and discharging a heating medium to and from saidfirst mentioned jacket and means for admitting and discharging a coolingmedium to and from said last mentioned jacket at the respective endsthereof, substantially .as set forth.

3. The combination, of a heating element comprising a casing and aplurality of pipes disposed therein in series to form an attenuatedconduit of relatively great length; a I cooling element comprising acasingand a plurality of pipes substantially similar in area to saidfirst mentioned pipes, butdisl' posed in multiple to form a subdividedconduit of relatively short length; means for admitting a cooling mediumat one end of 3 said casing and for discharging said medium I at theother end thereof; a supply reservoir, j for liquid; a source ofpressure, such as a pump, communicating with said supply reservoir andleading to the inlet end of said pipes arranged in series; a connectingpipe leading from the discharge end of said pipes toth'e inlet ends .ofsaid pipes arranged in multiple; a discharge pipe leading from theoutlet ends of said pipes arranged in multipie; and a dischargereservoir communicating with said discharge pipe, substantially as setforth.

In testimony \yhereof, I have hereunto l signed my name, at PhiladelphiaPennsyl- Vania, this thirtieth day of September, 1909.

THEODORE G. MOLLIN GER.

Witnesses:

JAMES H. BELL, l E. L. FULLERTON.

